Course Objective

• To improve understanding of heating and desalting of crude distillations

Who Can Benefit

• All refining staff

Course content

• Introduction to Crude Distillation ( purpose / phases / heating & desalting equipment (
• Heating and Desalting
  • Preheating and desalting operations
  • Process variables and factors
  • Heating desalted crude
• Crude Distillation
  • Pre-separation equipment operation
  • Atmospheric tower operation ( Vapor flow - Liquid flow(
  • Equipment associated with atmospheric towers
  • Vacuum tower operation
• Process Variables (pressure, temperature, stripping steam flow, level )
  • Vacuum tower process variables
• Maintaining Process Specifications
  • Fractions and boiling points
  • Adjusting processes to maintain specs
  • Abnormal Conditions ( Flooding, Dry trays, Upset trays )
• Double-Ended Composition Control
  • Interaction between loops
  • Measures of interaction
  • Application of interaction analysis to fractionators
  • Use of materials and energy balance concepts
• Complex Towers
  • Single side draws
  • Intermediate reboilers
  • Intermediate reflux
  • Multiple side draws

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